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今日讀書

The Power of Writing

DR. JOEL L. SWERDLOW is an author,

editor, journalist, researcher,

and educator. A senior writer and editor

at National Geographic for 10 years,

his published works include To Heal

a Nation: The Story of the Vietnam

Veterans Memorial.

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2021

05·21

原文跟讀

The Power of Writing

By Joel L. Swerdlow

No otherinvention- perhaps the wheel comes close- has had a longer and greater impact on humanity’s development than writing.Written words have overthrowngovernments and changed the course of history. So powerful is writing that the beginnings of civilization and history are most often defined as the moment cultures develop it. The transformation of language into the written words has immortalized passion ,genius, art, and science.

Much of writing’s power comes from its flexibility. Ever since the Sumerians began keeping records by carving signs on clay tablets 5,000 years ago, human have searched for the ideal tool to portray words. They have carved in stone and bone and written on leaves, bark,silk, papyrus, parchment, paper, and electronic screens. This skill, once known only to a few professional scribes, grew into massliteracy: More than five billion people- about 85 percent of the world’s population- can now read and write.

Of the several hundred written languages in the world today, only Chinese still relies on a traditional writing system whereby individual charactersrepresentindividual words. These characters often mean one thing when used alone, but something else when combined. The Chinese character forsincerity, for example, shows the character for manalongside the one for word, literally a man standing by his word.

Since its beginning as a means for keeping records, writing hasevolvedinto one of humanity’s most powerful forms of self-expression. People have used writing to counter loneliness and to establish a sense of self. In the fourth century B.C., Aristotle saw writing as a way to express “affections of the soul.” Recent studies have shown that writing about feelings canalleviatedepression, boost the immunesystem, and lower blood pressure.

單詞積累

• overthrown /?o?v?r?θro?n/

  v.: to remove (someone or something) from power especially by force推翻；打倒

• civilization /?s?v?l??ze??n/

• n.: the condition that exists when people have developed effective ways of organizing a society and care about art, science, etc. 文明；文化

• immortalized /?'m?rtl,a?z/

  adj.: to cause (someone or something) to be remembered forever 不滅的，永生的

• Sumerian/[sju??mi?ri?n/

  n. a native ofSumer 蘇美人

• bark /bɑ?rk/

  n.: the tough exterior covering of a woody root or stem 樹皮；深青棕色；毛皮；皮膚；狗叫

• papyrus /p??pa?r?s/

  n.: paper made from papyrus that was used in ancient times 紙莎草；紙莎草紙

• literacy /?l?t?r?si/

  n.: the ability to read and write 讀寫能力；精通文學(xué)

• represent /?repr??zent/

  vt.: to act or speak officially for (someone or something) 代表；表現(xiàn)；描繪；回憶；再贈送

• sincerity /s?n?ser?ti/

  n.: honesty of mind 真實，誠摯

• evolve /??vɑ?lv/

  v.: to change or develop slowly often into a better, more complex, or more advanced state : to develop by a process of evolution （使）逐漸形成；（有機體或生物特征）進化；釋放（氣體或熱量）

• alleviate /??li?vie?t/

  vt.: to reduce the pain or trouble of (something):to make (something) less painful, difficult, or severe 減輕，緩和

• immune /??mju?n/

  adj.: not capable of being affected by a disease 免疫的；免于……的，免除的

2021

05.21

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2021

05·21

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參考答案：

1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A

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INTRODUCTION

ArynHill

"Hello, everyone! My name is Aryn, and I am an English instructor at Hubei University of Technology. I am from Akron, Ohio in the United States but I love to travel! I have lived in France, China, Hawaii, and visited many other beautiful places. Well, with all that travel I have also developed a love for languages, including my native language. Let’s work together to practice our oral English and expand our linguistic knowledge through reading!”

Ideal is the beacon. Without ideal, there is no secure direction; without direction, there is no life.

——Leo Tolstoy

理想是指路明燈。沒有理想，就沒有堅定的方向；沒有方向，就沒有生活。

——俄國作家 托爾斯泰。

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